Published January 2023 | 81 pages, 11 tables, 32 figures | Download Table of contents
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are self-assembled combinations of metals and inorganic ligands that result in a relatively young class of highly ordered, porous materials. MOFs with the ability to [selectively] adsorb molecules into their pores/ on their internal surfaces.
Due to their high surface area (>7000 m2/g), extremely high porosity and favourable thermal properties, MOFs are being investigated in gas storage and separation, purification, carbon capture, utilization and storage, electrochemical energy storage and sensing. Commercial activity has grown greatly in recent years. Baker Hughes has recently purchased Mosaic Materials, which makes carbon dioxide–capturing materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
MOFs are highly attractive for a range of industrial applications as they use non-hazardous feedstock, are cost-effective and environmentally friendly. They are potentially key materials in industrial adsorption, storage processes and catalysis and are a leading technology candidate for carbon capture. MOFs can be used to store, separate, release or protect in a range of applications including:
- Air and water filtration.
- Carbon capture, utilization and storage.
- Gas storage and delivery, and natural gas storage and purification.
- Improved chemical separations.
- Batteries and supercapacitors.
- Food packaging.
- Anti-bacterials.
- Drug delivery.
- Fuel production.
- Solvent or heavy metal recovery.
- Adsorbents for organic pollutants.
- Water harvesting.
- Heat exchangers.
- Pharmaceuticals
A number of start-ups are bringing MOF products to the market, and production volumes have increased in the past two years. Report contents include:
- Technical analysis of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
- Applications of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
- Market supply chain map.
- MOF industry developments 2021-2023.
- Addressable markets for Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Markets covered include Coatings, Carbon Capture, Gas Capture, Separation and Storage, Biomedicine (Drug delivery, antibacterials, biosensors and bioimaging), Sensors, Air and Water Filtration, Water Harvesting, Batteries and Supercapacitors, Heat Exchangers and Air Conditioning.
- Estimated global market revenues to 2033, by market.
- Profiles of 26 companies including products and targeted markets. Companies profiled include Promethean Particles, MOF Technologies, Atomis, Water Harvesting, Inc., NuMat Technologies, novoMOF AG, MOFWORX.
1 INTRODUCTION 8
- 1.1 Properties 9
- 1.2 Materials 12
- 1.3 Synthesis 13
- 1.3.1 Solvothermal Method 14
- 1.3.2 Electrochemical Method 15
- 1.3.3 Microwave-Assisted Method 16
- 1.3.4 Solvothermal Method 16
- 1.3.5 Diffusion Method 17
- 1.3.6 Mechanochemical Method 17
- 1.3.7 Sonochemical Method 18
- 1.3.8 Room Temperature Method 18
- 1.4 Markets and applications 19
- 1.5 Industry developments 2021-2023 20
2 MARKETS FOR METAL-ORGANIC FRAMWEWORKS (MOF) 21
- 2.1 Market supply chain 21
- 2.2 Separation and Storage 22
- 2.2.1 Applications 22
- 2.2.1.1 Hydrogen capture and storage 22
- 2.2.1.2 Carbon capture and storage 24
- 2.2.1 Applications 22
- 2.3 Coatings 32
- 2.3.1 Properties 32
- 2.3.2 Applications 32
- 2.4 Biomedicine 33
- 2.4.1 Drug delivery 34
- 2.4.2 Antibacterials 35
- 2.4.3 Biosensors and bioimaging 35
- 2.5 Sensors 37
- 2.5.1 Properties 37
- 2.5.2 Applications 37
- 2.6 Air and water filtration 39
- 2.6.1 Properties 39
- 2.6.2 Applications 39
- 2.7 Water harvesting 40
- 2.8 Batteries and supercapacitors 41
- 2.9 Heat exchangers 41
- 2.10 HVAC 42
3 GLOBAL MARKET REVENUES 2018-2033 43
4 METAL-ORGANIC FRAMWEWORKS (MOF) PATENTS 48
4.1 Global MOF patent applications 48
4.2 Patenting by sector 49
4.3 Patenting by regional authority 50
5 METAL-ORGANIC FRAMWEWORKS (MOF) PRODUCER PROFILES 51 (26 company profiles)
6 EX-PRODUCERS 73
7 DISTRIBUTORS 75
8 REFERENCES 77
List of Tables
- Table 1. Summary of MOFs. 9
- Table 2. Markets and applications of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). 19
- Table 3. MOF industry developments 2021-2023. 20
- Table 4. Applications of MOFs in gas storage and separation. 22
- Table 5. Comparison of carbon-capture materials. 24
- Table 6. DAC technology developers and production. 27
- Table 7. Biomedical applications of MOFs. 33
- Table 8. MOF sensor applications. 37
- Table 9. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2033, Millions USD. 43
- Table 10. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2031, Millions USD, medium revenues estimate. 44
- Table 11. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2033, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 46
List of Figures
- Figure 1. Examples of typical metal−organic frameworks. 8
- Figure 2. Schematic drawing of a metal–organic framework (MOF) structure. 10
- Figure 3. Number of synthesized MOFs reported per year . 11
- Figure 4. Representative MOFs. 13
- Figure 5. MOF synthesis methods. 14
- Figure 6. MOF synthesis methods historically. 14
- Figure 7. Solvothermal synthesis of MOFs. 15
- Figure 8. Electrochemical Synthesis method. 15
- Figure 9. Schematic of continuous flow microfluidic device for producing MOFs. 17
- Figure 10. Mechanochemical synthesis of MOFs. 18
- Figure 11. Market supply chain for Metal-Organic Frameworks. 22
- Figure 12. Hydrogen storage. 23
- Figure 13. NuMat’s ION-X cylinders. 23
- Figure 14. Schematic of Climeworks DAC system. 25
- Figure 15. Climeworks’ first commercial direct air capture (DAC) plant, based in Hinwil, Switzerland. 25
- Figure 16. Flow diagram for solid sorbent DAC. 26
- Figure 17. Antibacterial mechanisms of metal–organic frameworks. 35
- Figure 18. Capture mechanism for MOFs toward air pollutants. 39
- Figure 19. Schematic of a MOF-based device for water harvesting. 40
- Figure 20. MOF-coated heat exchanger. 42
- Figure 21. MOFS applied in HVAC. 42
- Figure 22. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2033, Millions USD. 44
- Figure 23. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2033, Millions USD, medium revenues estimate. 45
- Figure 24. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2033, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 47
- Figure 25. Global MOF patent applications 2001-2022. 48
- Figure 26. Patent applications by sector. 49
- Figure 27. Patent applications by authority. 50
- Figure 28. Schematic of carbon capture solar project. 52
- Figure 29. Mosaic Materials MOFs. 60
- Figure 30. CALF-20 has been integrated into a rotating CO2 capture machine (left), which operates inside a CO2 plant module (right). 68
- Figure 31. MOF-based cartridge (purple) added to an existing air conditioner. 70
- Figure 32. Molecular sieving membrane. 71
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