The Global Market for Cellulose Fibers and Cellulose Nanofibers 2023-2033

Published February 2022 | 375 pages, 81 tables, 150 figures | Download table of contents

Cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls and a natural polymer. It is bio-based, renewable, biodegradable, recyclable, carbon binding and safe for people and the environment and is an important product for the replacement of fossil-based materials. The market for bio-based and biodegradable cellulose microfibers (Microfibrillated Cellulose) has experienced strong growth in the last decade and this trend is expected to continue with the growth in the circular bio-based economy. The market for cellulose nanofibers (Nanofibrillated Cellulose ) has also experienced significant recent growth, especially in Asia. Cellulose nanofibers are sustainable materials with high mechanical strength and stiffness (stronger than steel), high aspect ratios, high transparency, high chemical resistance and impressive rheological, optical and film-forming properties. They are also lightweight and have made a recent impact in industrial applications in biopolymers, bio-composites and hygiene and sanitary products.

Report contents include:

Cellulose microfiber (Microfibrillated Cellulose) market

Opportunities in cellulose microfibers.
Recycling of cellulose microfibers.
Global production capacities, by Microfibrillated Cellulose producer, current and planned.
Commercialized products on the market incorporating Cellulose microfibers.
Demand in tons per market, current and forecast to 2033.
Cellulose microfibers pricing.
Market analysis for cellulose microfibers in:
- Textiles.
- Packaging.
- Hygiene/non-wovens.
- Composites.
- Filter media.
Analysis of alternative feedstocks (non-wood fibres, textile waste etc.).
Profiles of 63 cellulose microfibers companies. Companies profiled include Freyzein, GenCrest Bio Products, HeiQ Materials AG, Infinited Fiber Company, Kelheim Fibres, Kemira OyJ, Lenzing AG, Nanollose, PHP Fibers GmbH, Renewcell, SaXcell BV, Tencel

Cellulose nanofiber (Nanofibrillated Cellulose) market

Opportunities in cellulose nanofibers.
Global production capacities, by CNF producer, current and planned.
Commercialized products on the market incorporating CNFs.
Stage of commercialization for cellulose nanofiber applications by company (TRL).
CNF applications by industry.
Demand in tons per market, current and forecast to 2033.
Cellulose nanofibers pricing.
Markets analysis for CNFs in Polymer composites, Automotive, Building & Construction, Packaging, Textiles, Biomedicine, Pharma, Healthcare, Sanitary and Hygiene Products, Paints & Coatings, Aerogels, Oil & Gas, Filtration, Cosmetics, Food Additives.
Profiles of 95 cellulose nanofibers companies. Companies profiled in the report include Asahi Kasei, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Daicel, Daiichi Kogyo, Daio Paper, GranBio Technologies, Nippon Paper, Oji Holdings, Sugino Machine and Seiko PMC.

1 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 24

1.1 Cellulose 24
1.2 Feedstocks 25
- 1.2.1 Wood 25
- 1.2.2 Plant 26
- 1.2.3 Tunicate 26
- 1.2.4 Algae 27
- 1.2.5 Bacteria 27
1.3 Cellulose fibers 28
- 1.3.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 28
- 1.3.2 Commercial production of cellulose fibers from plants 28
  - 1.3.2.1 Seed fibers 28
    - 1.3.2.1.1 Cotton 28
      - 1.3.2.1.1.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 29
    - 1.3.2.1.2 Kapok 30
      - 1.3.2.1.2.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 31
    - 1.3.2.1.3 Luffa 32
  - 1.3.2.2 Bast fibers 33
    - 1.3.2.2.1 Jute 34
      - 1.3.2.2.1.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 35
    - 1.3.2.2.2 Hemp 35
      - 1.3.2.2.2.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 36
    - 1.3.2.2.3 Flax 37
      - 1.3.2.2.3.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 38
    - 1.3.2.2.4 Ramie 39
      - 1.3.2.2.4.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 41
    - 1.3.2.2.5 Kenaf 41
      - 1.3.2.2.5.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 42
  - 1.3.2.3 Leaf fibers 43
    - 1.3.2.3.1 Sisal 44
      - 1.3.2.3.1.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 44
    - 1.3.2.3.2 Abaca 45
      - 1.3.2.3.2.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 46
  - 1.3.2.4 Fruit fibers 48
    - 1.3.2.4.1 Coir 48
      - 1.3.2.4.1.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 48
    - 1.3.2.4.2 Banana 49
      - 1.3.2.4.2.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 50
    - 1.3.2.4.3 Pineapple 51
  - 1.3.2.5 Stalk fibers from agricultural residues 53
    - 1.3.2.5.1 Rice fiber 53
    - 1.3.2.5.2 Corn 54
  - 1.3.2.6 Cane, grasses and reed 54
    - 1.3.2.6.1 Switch grass 54
    - 1.3.2.6.2 Sugarcane (agricultural residues) 55
    - 1.3.2.6.3 Bamboo 56
      - 1.3.2.6.3.1 Production volumes 2018-2033 57
    - 1.3.2.6.4 Fresh grass (green biorefinery) 57
- 1.3.3 Regenerated cellulose fibers 59
- 1.3.4 Ionic liquids 60
- 1.3.5 Recycled fibers 61
- 1.3.6 Applications 62
1.4 Cellulose nanofibers 62
- 1.4.1 Properties 63
- 1.4.2 Applications 66

2 MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE (CELLULOSE MICROBERS) MARKET 69

2.1 Production capacities 2022 69
2.2 Market supply chain 69
2.3 Production capacities 70
2.4 Pricing 72
2.5 Products 73
2.6 Packaging 74
- 2.6.1 Market overview 74
- 2.6.2 Applications 79
- 2.6.3 Global market in tons to 2033 80
2.7 Textiles 82
- 2.7.1 Market overview 82
- 2.7.2 Applications 83
- 2.7.3 Global market in tons to 2033 83
2.8 Hygiene and personal care products 85
- 2.8.1 Market overview 85
- 2.8.2 Applications 89
- 2.8.3 Global market in tons to 2033 89
2.9 Composites 91
- 2.9.1 Market overview 92
- 2.9.2 Applications 95
- 2.9.3 Global market in tons to 2033 97
2.10 Filter media 98
- 2.10.1 Market overview 99
- 2.10.2 Applications 101
- 2.10.3 Global market in tons to 2033 101
2.11 Other markets 103

3 NANOFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE (CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS) MARKET 104

3.1 Market supply chain 104
3.2 Pricing 106
3.3 Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) production capacities 2022, in metric tons by producer 108
3.4 Products 109
3.5 Packaging 118
- 3.5.1 Market overview 118
- 3.5.2 Applications 123
- 3.5.3 Global market in tons to 2033 125
3.6 Textiles 127
- 3.6.1 Market overview 127
- 3.6.2 Applications 128
- 3.6.3 Global market in tons to 2033 130
3.7 Hygiene and sanitary products 131
- 3.7.1 Market overview 131
- 3.7.2 Applications 132
- 3.7.3 Global market in tons to 2033 132
3.8 Composites 134
- 3.8.1 Market overview 134
- 3.8.2 Applications 137
- 3.8.3 Global market in tons to 2033 140
3.9 Automotive 141
- 3.9.1 Market overview 142
- 3.9.2 Applications 145
- 3.9.3 Global market in tons to 2033 147
3.10 Construction 149
- 3.10.1 Market overview 149
- 3.10.2 Applications 151
- 3.10.3 Global market in tons to 2033 153
3.11 Biomedicine and healthcare 155
- 3.11.1 Market overview 155
- 3.11.2 Applications 157
- 3.11.3 Global market in tons to 2033 160
3.12 Paints and coatings 161
- 3.12.1 Market overview 161
- 3.12.2 Applications 163
- 3.12.3 Global market in tons to 2033 164
3.13 Aerogels 166
- 3.13.1 Market overview 166
- 3.13.2 Global market in tons to 2033 168
3.14 Oil and gas 171
- 3.14.1 Market overview 171
- 3.14.2 Applications 173
- 3.14.3 Global market in tons to 2033 174
3.15 Filtration 176
- 3.15.1 Market overview 176
- 3.15.2 Applications 178
- 3.15.3 Global market in tons to 2033 180
3.16 Personal care 182
- 3.16.1 Market overview 182
  - 3.16.1.1 Rheological modifying agents 182
- 3.16.2 Applications 183
- 3.16.3 Global market in tons to 2033 186
3.17 Food additives and coatings 188

4 MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE COMPANY PROFILES 189 (63 company profiles)

5 CELLULOSE NANOFIBER COMPANY PROFILES 259 (95 company profiles)

6 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY 365

6.1 Report scope 365
6.2 Research methodology 366

7 REFERENCES 367

List of Tables

Table 1. Overview of cotton fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 28
Table 2. Overview of kapok fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 31
Table 3. Overview of luffa fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 32
Table 4. Overview of jute fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 34
Table 5. Overview of hemp fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 35
Table 6. Overview of flax fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 37
Table 7. Overview of ramie fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 40
Table 8. Overview of kenaf fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 41
Table 9. Overview of sisal fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 44
Table 10. Overview of abaca fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 46
Table 11. Overview of coir fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 48
Table 12. Overview of banana fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 50
Table 13. Overview of pineapple fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 52
Table 14. Overview of rice fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 53
Table 15. Overview of corn fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 54
Table 16. Overview of switch grass fibers-description, properties and applications. 54
Table 17. Overview of sugarcane fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and application and market size. 55
Table 18. Overview of bamboo fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 56
Table 19. Applications of cellulose fibers by market. 62
Table 20. Properties and applications of cellulose nanofibers 63
Table 21. Properties of nanocellulose, by type. 64
Table 22. Properties of cellulose nanofibrils relative to metallic and polymeric materials. 64
Table 23. Chemical composition of different lignocellulosic feedstocks used for nanocellulose production (% dry basis). 65
Table 24. Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). 67
Table 25. Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) production capacities in metric tons and production process, by producer, metric tons. 69
Table 26. Microfibrillated Cellulose production capacities and production process, by producer, metric tons. 71
Table 27. Microfibrillated Cellulose pricing. 72
Table 28. Commercially available Microfibrillated Cellulose products. 73
Table 29. Market overview for cellulose fibers in packaging. 74
Table 30. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in packaging. 79
Table 31. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in packaging, 2018-2033 (tons). 80
Table 32. Market overview for Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles. 82
Table 33. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles. 83
Table 34. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles, 2018-2033 (tons). 83
Table 35. Market overview for Microfibrillated Cellulose in hygiene products. 85
Table 36. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in hygiene products. 89
Table 37. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in hygiene products, 2018-2033 (tons). 89
Table 38. Market overview for cellulose fibers in composites. 92
Table 39. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in composites. 96
Table 40. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in composites, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 97
Table 41. Market overview for Microfibrillated Cellulose in filter media 99
Table 42. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in filter media, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 101
Table 43. Other markets for Microfibrillated Cellulose. 103
Table 44: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers. 106
Table 45. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons. 108
Table 46. Commercially available cellulose nanofiber products. 109
Table 47. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in packaging. 118
Table 48. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in packaging. 124
Table 49. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in packaging, 2018-2033 (tons). 125
Table 50. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in textiles. 127
Table 51. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in textiles. 129
Table 52. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in textiles, 2018-2033 (tons). 130
Table 53. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in the hygiene and sanitary products market. 131
Table 54. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in hygiene and sanitary products, 2018-2033 (tons). 132
Table 55. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in composites. 134
Table 56. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in composites. 138
Table 57. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 140
Table 58. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in automotive. 142
Table 59. Scorecard for cellulose nanofibers in automotive. 143
Table 60. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in automotive-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global automotive OEMs. 143
Table 61. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive market 2018-2033 (metric tons). 147
Table 62. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in construction. 149
Table 63: Market demand for cellulose nanofibers in construction, 2018-2033 (tons). 153
Table 64. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in medicine and healthcare. 155
Table 65. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in biomedical and healthcare, 2018-2033 (tons). 160
Table 66. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings. 161
Table 67. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in paint and coatings, 2018-2033 (tons). 164
Table 68. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels. 166
Table 69. Scorecard for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels. 166
Table 70. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerogels OEMs. 167
Table 71. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels, 2018-2033 (tons). 168
Table 72. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in oil and gas. 171
Table 73. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in oil and gas. 173
Table 74. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the oil and gas market, 2018-2033 (tons). 174
Table 75. Market overview for Cellulose nanofibers in filtration. 177
Table 76: Global demand for Cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2033 (tons). 180
Table 77. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers. 182
Table 78. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2033 (tons). 186
Table 79: Granbio Nanocellulose Processes. 291
Table 80. Nippon Paper commercial CNF products. 317
Table 81. Oji Holdings CNF products. 323

List of Figures

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit. 24
Figure 2. Scale of cellulose materials. 25
Figure 3. Biosynthesis of (a) wood cellulose (b) tunicate cellulose and (c) BC. 26
Figure 4. Cotton production volume 2018-2033 (Million MT). 30
Figure 5. Kapok production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 32
Figure 6. Luffa cylindrica fiber. 33
Figure 7. Jute production volume 2018-2033 (Million MT). 35
Figure 8. Hemp fiber production volume 2018-2033 ( MT). 37
Figure 9. Flax fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 39
Figure 10. Ramie fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 41
Figure 11. Kenaf fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 43
Figure 12. Sisal fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 45
Figure 13. Abaca fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 47
Figure 14. Coir fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MILLION MT). 49
Figure 15. Banana fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MT). 51
Figure 16. Pineapple fiber. 52
Figure 17. A bag made with pineapple biomaterial from the H&M Conscious Collection 2019. 53
Figure 18. Bamboo fiber production volume 2018-2033 (MILLION MT). 57
Figure 19. CNF gel. 67
Figure 20. Market supply chain for the Microfibrillated Cellulose market. 69
Figure 21. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in packaging, 2018-2033 (tons). 81
Figure 22. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles, 2018-2033 (tons). 84
Figure 23. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in hygiene products, 2018-2033 (tons). 90
Figure 24. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in composites. 96
Figure 25. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in composites, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 98
Figure 26. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose in filter media. 101
Figure 27. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in filter media, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 102
Figure 28. Cellulose nanofibers supply chain. 104
Figure 29. Aruba 23. 109
Figure 30. Dorayaki. 110
Figure 31. ENASAVE NEXT. 110
Figure 32. Flat4-KAEDE. 111
Figure 33. GEL-KAYANO™. 111
Figure 34. Hada care acty®. 112
Figure 35. Hiteeth All in One Mouth Gel. 112
Figure 36. HYPERNANO X series. 113
Figure 37. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 113
Figure 38. ONKYO® Scepter SC-3(B) 2-way Speaker System. 113
Figure 39. Pioneer® SE-MONITOR5 Headphones. 114
Figure 40. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet. 114
Figure 41. RUBURI Precursor Lubris for raw concrete pumping. 115
Figure 42. SC-3 (B) speakers. 115
Figure 43. SE-MONITOR5 headphones. 115
Figure 44. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers. 115
Figure 45. "SURISURI" Lotion. 116
Figure 46. X9400 series. 117
Figure 47. X Premium Sound Speaker Alps Alpine. 117
Figure 48. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in paper and board packaging. 124
Figure 49. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in packaging, 2018-2033 (tons). 126
Figure 50. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in textiles. 129
Figure 51. Asics GEL-KAYANO™ 25 running shoe. 130
Figure 52. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles sector, 2018-2033 (tons). 131
Figure 53. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in hygiene and sanitary products, 2018-2033 (tons). 133
Figure 54. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in composites. 138
Figure 55. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 141
Figure 56. Interior of NCV concept car. 142
Figure 57. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in automotive. 146
Figure 58. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive market 2018-2033 (metric tons). 148
Figure 59. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in building and construction. 151
Figure 60. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in construction, 2018-2033 (tons). 154
Figure 61. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in medicine and healthcare. 158
Figure 62. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in biomedical and healthcare, 2018-2033 (tons). 160
Figure 63. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings. 164
Figure 64. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in paint and coatings, 2018-2033 (tons). 165
Figure 65: Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in in aerogels, 2018-2033 (tons). 169
Figure 66. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the oil and gas market, 2018-2033 (tons). 175
Figure 67. Applications of Cellulose nanofibers in filtration. 179
Figure 68. Global demand for Cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2033 (tons). 181
Figure 69. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers. 184
Figure 70. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2033 (tons). 187
Figure 71. Celish. 198
Figure 72. BELLOCEA™ 198
Figure 73. Photograph (a) and micrograph (b) of mineral/ MFC composite showing the high viscosity and fibrillar structure. 202
Figure 74. Water-repellent cellulose. 203
Figure 75. Vybrana banana fibre. 205
Figure 76. HeiQ AeoniQ . 206
Figure 77. LENZING™ Web Technology. 218
Figure 78. BioFlex process. 220
Figure 79. Cellulomix production process. 223
Figure 80. Nanobase versus conventional products. 224
Figure 81. Uni-ball Signo UMN-307. 225
Figure 82. A vacuum cleaner part made of cellulose fiber (left) and the assembled vacuum cleaner. 231
Figure 83. 3D printed cellulose shoe. 241
Figure 84. Lyocell process. 242
Figure 85. Stora Enso CNF production process. 246
Figure 86. Tencel Luxe Lyocell Filament Yarn. 249
Figure 87. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test. 253
Figure 88. Bio-based barrier bags prepared from Tempo-CNF coated bio-HDPE film. 254
Figure 89. Worn Again products. 257
Figure 90. Zelfo Technology GmbH CNF production process. 258
Figure 91: Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel. 261
Figure 92: Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet. 262
Figure 93: Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric. 263
Figure 94. CNF nonwoven fabric. 264
Figure 95. Celfion membrane. 268
Figure 96. nanoforest-S. 271
Figure 97. nanoforest-PDP. 271
Figure 98. nanoforest-MB. 272
Figure 99: Trunk lid incorporating CNF. 274
Figure 100. ELLEX products. 276
Figure 101. CNF-reinforced PP compounds. 276
Figure 102. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 277
Figure 103. Color CNF. 278
Figure 104: Rheocrysta spray. 281
Figure 105. DKS CNF products. 281
Figure 106: CNF based on citrus peel. 283
Figure 107. Citrus cellulose nanofiber. 284
Figure 108. Filler Bank CNC products. 285
Figure 109: Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE). 287
Figure 110: CNF products from Furukawa Electric. 289
Figure 111: Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials. 293
Figure 112. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer). 296
Figure 113: CNF gel. 297
Figure 114. Kami Shoji CNF products. 299
Figure 115: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins. 301
Figure 116. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended). 301
Figure 117: 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side). 302
Figure 118. CNF deodorant. 304
Figure 119. Chitin nanofiber product. 305
Figure 120. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products. 306
Figure 121. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder. 308
Figure 122: CNF slurries. 310
Figure 123. Range of CNF products. 310
Figure 124: Nanocell serum product. 313
Figure 125. Vatensel® product 314
Figure 126: Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers. 317
Figure 127. All-resin forceps incorporating CNF. 318
Figure 128. CNF paint product. 320
Figure 129. CNF clear sheets. 323
Figure 130. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product. 325
Figure 131. XCNF. 327
Figure 132. CNF insulation flat plates. 329
Figure 133. Manufacturing process for STARCEL. 332
Figure 134. Rubber soles incorporating CNF. 335
Figure 135. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite. 336
Figure 136. Sugino Machine CNF production process. 337
Figure 137. High Pressure Water Jet Process. 337
Figure 138. 2 wt.％ CNF suspension. 338
Figure 139. BiNFi-s Dry Powder. 339
Figure 140. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet. 339
Figure 141. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material. 340
Figure 142. SVILOSA AD CNC products. 342
Figure 143. Silver / CNF composite dispersions. 347
Figure 144. CNF/nanosilver powder. 348
Figure 145: Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF. 350
Figure 146: CNF resin products. 353
Figure 147. FibDex® wound dressing. 355
Figure 148: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF. 357
Figure 149: Bio-based barrier bags prepared from Tempo-CNF coated bio-HDPE film. 359
Figure 150. S-CNF in powder form. 361

The Global Market for Cellulose Microfibers and Nanofibers 2023-2033

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